<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.2d1 20170631//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" dtd-version="1.0" article-type="dentistry" lang="en">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">JOHS</journal-id>
<journal-id journal-id-type="nlm-ta">Journ of Health Scien</journal-id>
<journal-title-group>
<journal-title>Journal of HealthCare Sciences</journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="pubmed">Journ of Health Scien</abbrev-journal-title>
</journal-title-group>
<issn pub-type="ppub">2231-2196</issn>
<issn pub-type="opub">0975-5241</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name>Radiance Research Academy</publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">308</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">http://dx.doi.org/10.52533/JOHS.2024.41011</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi-url"/>
<article-categories>
<subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
<subject>Dentistry</subject>
</subj-group>
</article-categories>
<title-group>
<article-title>The Growing Role of Genetics in Orthodontic Diagnosis and Treatment Planning
</article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Farran</surname>
<given-names>Waleed Hashim</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Tarabzouni</surname>
<given-names>Khalid Waleed</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Almuqati</surname>
<given-names>Taif Ati</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Khawaji</surname>
<given-names>Nardeen Mohammed</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Alasmari</surname>
<given-names>Muidh Mohammed</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>AlMoqbel</surname>
<given-names>Raghad Mohammed</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Alahmed</surname>
<given-names>Razan Mohammed</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Alasmari</surname>
<given-names>Afnan Mohammed</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>AlShahrani</surname>
<given-names>Eilaf Ahmed</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Alsalamah</surname>
<given-names>Razan Musaad</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname>Aljarooshi</surname>
<given-names>Dana Essam</given-names>
</name>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<pub-date pub-type="ppub">
<day>28</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>4</volume>
<issue>10</issue>
<fpage>515</fpage>
<lpage>520</lpage>
<permissions>
<copyright-statement>This article is copyright of Popeye Publishing, 2009</copyright-statement>
<copyright-year>2009</copyright-year>
<license license-type="open-access" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
<license-p>This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) Licence. You may share and adapt the material, but must give appropriate credit to the source, provide a link to the licence, and indicate if changes were made.</license-p>
</license>
</permissions>
<abstract>
<p>Advancements in genetic research are revolutionizing orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning by offering a more personalized approach. Genetic markers associated with craniofacial development and dental anomalies are being increasingly identified, providing deeper insights into the etiology of malocclusions. Specific genes such as MSX1, PAX9, and AXIN2 have been linked to conditions like tooth agenesis and jaw structure abnormalities, allowing for early diagnosis and targeted treatment planning. Personalized orthodontic treatment, based on an individual’s genetic profile, enhances treatment efficiency and outcomes. For example, polymorphisms in genes such as IL-1 and TNF-__ampersandsignalpha; influence inflammatory responses during orthodontic tooth movement, allowing for adjustments in treatment force and preventive measures to mitigate complications like root resorption. Genetic research also holds promise for predicting the stability of orthodontic results. Variations in genes affecting bone metabolism, such as MMP20 and VDR, influence both treatment response and relapse risk, enabling orthodontists to develop more effective retention strategies. Additionally, gene therapy and pharmacogenomics offer future avenues for enhancing bone remodeling and optimizing drug responses based on genetic profiles, potentially reducing treatment duration and improving long-term stability. As genetic testing becomes more accessible, the early identification of genetic predispositions to dental and skeletal anomalies will become integral to routine orthodontic care. Early intervention, personalized treatment protocols, and improved retention strategies will help achieve better patient outcomes. The growing role of genetics in orthodontics is leading the field toward precision medicine, where treatments are tailored to the unique genetic makeup of each patient, ensuring more efficient and lasting results. Continued advancements in genetic research will further refine this approach, solidifying genetics as a key component of modern orthodontic practice.
</p>
</abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd>genetic markers</kwd>
<kwd> orthodontic malocclusions</kwd>
<kwd> personalized treatment</kwd>
<kwd> craniofacial development</kwd>
<kwd> precision medicine</kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front>
</article>